Haryana Land Records Guide
Revenue Terms Used in Jamabandi, Mutation, Khasra & Land Records
Land records in Haryana and North India still contain many old Urdu, Persian and revenue-administration words. Terms such as Jamabandi, Intkal, Khasra, Khewat, Khatauni, Girdawari, Rapat Roznamcha, Shajra, Rahan and Fard Badar are commonly used in tehsil records, mutation proceedings, sale deeds, inheritance matters and property disputes.
This guide explains 150+ important revenue terms in simple English and Hindi, selected from the Haryana Revenue Commission’s dictionary of commonly used revenue terms in revenue records.
Why These Terms Matter
A single revenue word can change how ownership, possession, mortgage, cultivation or inheritance is understood.
- They help identify ownership, possession and cultivation entries.
- They are used in mutation, partition, inheritance and sale deed records.
- Wrong understanding of one term may create serious title risk.
- Buyers should check these terms before registry and payment.
What Are Revenue Terms?
Revenue terms are words used in land records maintained by the Revenue Department, including Jamabandi, mutation registers, khasra girdawari, shajra maps, roznamcha reports, settlement records and registration-related documents. Many of these expressions came from Persian, Urdu and old settlement terminology.
Although the language is old, these entries continue to have practical importance in property transactions, mutation proceedings, agricultural land verification, family inheritance disputes, partition matters and court cases. For this reason, a property buyer or landowner should not ignore revenue terminology appearing in the record.
For Buyers
Helps verify ownership, possession, mortgage, mutation and land classification before payment.
For Landowners
Helps understand Jamabandi, Girdawari, Khewat, Khatauni and mutation entries.
For Legal Disputes
Helps interpret contested mutations, inheritance claims, possession entries and partition records.
Important: Revenue entries are not always the final proof of ownership by themselves.
They are important evidence of possession, cultivation, mutation and record-of-rights position, but title must also
be checked from registered deeds, inheritance records, court orders, partition orders and other supporting documents.
Most Important Revenue Terms Explained
Before reading the full dictionary-style table, these are some of the most frequently used land record terms that ordinary property owners often see in Haryana revenue documents.
Jamabandi
Record of rights prepared periodically for a revenue estate. It generally contains ownership,
cultivation, rent/revenue and other land entries.
Record of Rights
Intkal / Mutation
Entry made in revenue records to show change of rights due to sale, inheritance, gift, court decree,
partition or other transfer.
Change of Rights
Khasra Number
Field number assigned to a specific parcel of agricultural land in village revenue records.
Land Parcel ID
Khewat
Ownership account number showing the group of owners in the revenue record.
Ownership Account
Khatauni
Cultivation account showing who is cultivating which land and under what status.
Cultivation Account
Girdawari
Crop inspection record showing crop, possession and cultivation status for a particular season.
Crop Inspection
Shajra
Revenue map used to identify land location, field position, village boundaries and parcel layout.
Revenue Map
Rahan
Mortgage entry relating to land or property. It must be carefully checked before any purchase.
Mortgage
Fard Badar
Revenue correction document used for clerical or patent mistakes in Jamabandi or revenue records.
Record Correction
Revenue Terms Dictionary Table
The table below is intended as a practical, searchable reference for landowners, buyers, advocates, deed writers, NRIs and litigants dealing with Jamabandi, mutation, inheritance, partition, mortgage, Lal Dora, agricultural land and property verification issues.
Use this table to understand the simple meaning of common words appearing in old revenue records, mutation files, registered deeds, settlement records and court proceedings.
How to Use This Table
Search the page for the word appearing in your Jamabandi or mutation record. Then read the meaning, where it is used, and why it matters legally.
| Revenue Term | Simple Meaning | Where It Is Used | Why It Matters |
|---|---|---|---|
| अक्स शजरा / Aks Shajra | Map of a place prepared on paper, usually used in partition or court proceedings. | Partition, demarcation, court cases | Shows physical division/location of land. |
| अजतमात खाताजात | Consolidation of scattered land holdings. | Consolidation records | Important for understanding how scattered holdings were joined. |
| अड्डा | Measurement stand prepared near Patwari office for checking length of Jarib. | Land measurement | Relevant in old measurement systems. |
| अता करना | To make payment, generally of land revenue, tax or levy. | Revenue demand records | Shows payment liability. |
| अदना मालिक | Inferior/subordinate landholder under Zamindari system. | Old ownership records | Helps understand old ownership hierarchy. |
| अदालत माल | Revenue Court. | Revenue litigation | Used in mutation, partition and revenue disputes. |
| अधबटाई | Equal division of crop produce between owner and cultivator. | Tenancy/crop share records | Important for old tenancy arrangements. |
| अमर | Fact or matter recorded, often in Patwari Roznamcha during Munadi. | Roznamcha, public notice | Shows what official fact was reported. |
| अमल दरामद करना | Recording new position in revenue record after change. | Mutation/revenue correction | Shows implementation of change in records. |
| अमीन | Employee appointed to prepare maps/drafts during settlement or consolidation. | Settlement, consolidation | Connected with measurement and mapping. |
| अरज़ी | Application or request. | Tehsil/revenue proceedings | Used for applying for correction, mutation or relief. |
| अरज़ी दावा | Plaint or claim petition. | Revenue/civil dispute | Used when land rights are claimed formally. |
| अराजी | Land. | Old deeds and revenue records | Basic land-record term. |
| अराजी गैर जरई | Non-cultivable land such as roads, buildings, hills etc. | Land classification | Affects land use and valuation. |
| अराजी गैर मजरूआ | Non-cultivable land that can be made cultivable by effort, such as Banjar land. | Land classification | Useful for development/agricultural potential. |
| अराजी जरई | Cultivable/agricultural land. | Jamabandi, land classification | Important for sale, NOC, stamp duty and land use. |
| अराजी दरिया | Alluvial land formed due to river/flood action. | Riverine land records | Relevant in land gained/lost due to river movement. |
| अराजी परती | Vacant land. | Jamabandi/classification | Indicates land not presently cultivated. |
| अराजी मजरूआ | Cultivated land where crop is being sown. | Jamabandi, Girdawari | Shows actual cultivation status. |
| अराजी मतदावा | Land concerned in legal claim or suit. | Litigation records | Indicates disputed/claimed land. |
| अराजी मुजाबता | Confiscated land taken over due to court/government order. | Recovery/confiscation records | High-risk title entry. |
| आड़ रहन | Mortgage without possession. | Mortgage entries | Owner may retain possession but mortgage exists. |
| आबादी देह | Village inhabited area within Lal Dora earmarked during settlement. | Village/Lal Dora records | Important for village residential property. |
| आबियाना | Fee/tax charged for canal water used for irrigation. | Irrigation/revenue records | Shows irrigation dues. |
| आबी | Land irrigated by sources other than canal or well. | Land classification | Shows source of irrigation. |
| आमदा | Received/arrived, such as an order or notification received from court/government. | Office/revenue record | Shows receipt of official direction. |
| आरजी | Temporary arrangement, often temporary canal opening/naka for irrigation. | Irrigation records | Used in temporary water arrangements. |
| आला मालिक | Superior landholder in Zamindari system. | Old ownership records | Explains old proprietary hierarchy. |
| आसामी | Payer of irrigation tax or other revenue demand; also used for tenant in old records. | Tenancy/revenue records | Important for old tenant entries. |
| इंडेक्स मैप | Small village map prepared during settlement/consolidation showing village extent. | Musavi/settlement records | Helps locate village boundaries and features. |
| इकरारनामा | Agreement or contract. | Private/revenue documents | Shows contractual arrangement. |
| इखराजनाम | Mutation type where land of a person missing for 7 years is transferred to legal heirs treating civil death. | Mutation records | Relevant in missing-person inheritance cases. |
| इजराए | Execution of court orders. | Court/revenue execution | Shows implementation of order. |
| इजलास | Open court sitting. | Revenue court proceedings | Used in hearing records. |
| इजादी रहन | Increase in mortgage amount over already mortgaged land. | Mortgage entries | Shows additional mortgage liability. |
| इनकारी | Refusal, often refusal to accept summons/notice. | Summons, notice service | Important for proving service of notice. |
| इंतकाल | Entry made in revenue record to show change of rights. | Mutation register | Core term for transfer/inheritance/gift/sale mutation. |
| इंतकाल तसदीक | Attestation of mutation entry by competent revenue authority. | Mutation proceedings | Shows mutation has been sanctioned/attested. |
| इंतकाजे मियाद | Expiry of term, such as expiry of lease period. | Lease/revenue records | Relevant in lease and possession issues. |
| इन्फकाक | Return/redemption of mortgaged land. | Mortgage release records | Shows mortgage redemption. |
| इशतराक | Gathering/merging Khewats of village during consolidation. | Consolidation mutation | Important in Chakbandi records. |
| इस्तेमाल / इस्तामाल | Consolidation. | Chakbandi records | Shows consolidation proceedings. |
| इस्तखराज रकबा | Calculation of area of field after measurement. | Measurement records | Useful in area disputes. |
| उजरत-ए-तकसीम | Fee paid for partition of land. | Partition proceedings | Shows partition fee. |
| एकड़ | Unit of land area; in Haryana, one acre is 4840 square yards. | Area measurement | Basic unit for land sale and valuation. |
| एकफसली | Agricultural land sown once in a year. | Girdawari/classification | Shows cropping pattern. |
| औसत बैय पाँच | Average sale consideration based on land sold in previous five years. | Valuation/settlement | Relevant for valuation analysis. |
| कचहरी | Court. | Revenue/civil records | General term for court forum. |
| कच्चा असामी | Tenant-at-will who can be evicted by landowner. | Tenancy records | Important for possession and tenancy rights. |
| कच्चा बीघा | Area unit; approximately 1008.33 sq. yards in relevant measurement system. | Old measurement records | Useful for old land descriptions. |
| कदीम | Old; generally used with old barren land. | Land classification | Appears in Banjar Qadim entries. |
| कनकूत | Estimation of standing crop yield. | Compensation/possession proceedings | Used where crop value is to be assessed. |
| कनाल | Land measurement unit; 20 marlas, 605 sq. yards, 1/8 acre. | Area measurement | Common in Haryana land records. |
| कब्जा | Possession over land/property. | Jamabandi, disputes | Critical for possession disputes. |
| कब्जा कार्यवाही | Proceeding for changing/delivering possession after final order/decree. | Partition/court execution | Shows official possession handover. |
| कब्जा बिल मुजाहमत | Peaceful possession. | Possession records | Shows peaceful possession status. |
| कब्जा मुखालफाना | Adverse possession. | Disputes/litigation | High-risk entry affecting title claims. |
| करम | Small land measurement unit; generally 5.5 feet in plains. | Measurement records | Used in field measurement. |
| काकड़ | Village boundary. | Village boundary records | Important in boundary disputes. |
| किल्लाबंदी | Process of converting irregular fields into regular square/rectangular fields. | Consolidation | Important in Chakbandi layout. |
| किस्म जमीन | Type/class of land. | Jamabandi/classification | Affects valuation, use and restrictions. |
| कुर्रा | Piece of land allotted during partition proceedings. | Partition | Shows parcel allotted to shareholder. |
| कुर्की | Attachment of property. | Recovery/court proceedings | Important warning for buyer/title check. |
| कुश्तवार | Field-wise. | Maps/records | Used for field-wise description. |
| कुश्तवार शजरा | Field-wise map. | Revenue maps | Helps identify field boundaries. |
| खतौनी | Number/account given to cultivator in revenue record. | Jamabandi | Shows cultivation account. |
| खतौनी पैमाइश | Ownership description after measurement during consolidation. | Consolidation records | Useful in post-measurement ownership details. |
| खराबा | Crop damage due to natural calamity. | Girdawari/compensation | Relevant for crop loss compensation. |
| खसरा गिरदावरी | Inspection of crops and possession according to Khasra number. | Crop inspection record | Important for possession/cultivation status. |
| खाकी | Land dependent on rainfall. | Land classification | Shows irrigation dependency. |
| खानगी | Private/oral mutual arrangement, often family partition by consent. | Private partition records | Relevant in family land arrangements. |
| खारिज परता | Land not assessed to land revenue. | Revenue classification | Shows revenue exemption/non-assessment. |
| खाल | Water channel/inlet for irrigation. | Irrigation records | Important for field irrigation rights. |
| खालसा | Village revenue not assigned to private individual. | Revenue demand records | Shows government revenue status. |
| खुदकाश्त | Land cultivated by the owner himself. | Jamabandi/Girdawari | Shows owner’s own cultivation. |
| खेवट | Ownership account number given to landowners in Jamabandi. | Jamabandi | Core ownership account entry. |
| गिरदावरी | Field-wise crop inspection. | Khasra Girdawari | Shows crop and possession status. |
| गैर मजरूआ | Land not fit for cultivation, such as roads/buildings. | Land classification | Shows non-cultivable status. |
| गैर काबिज | Owner who is not in possession. | Jamabandi/possession records | Shows ownership without possession. |
| गैर तकसीम | Land not partitioned. | Joint holdings | Important for co-sharer disputes. |
| गैर मुतनाजा | Uncontested entry in revenue record. | Mutation/revenue entries | Shows no dispute recorded. |
| गैर मुमकिन भूमि | Uncultivable/non-agricultural land such as house, factory, building etc. | Land classification | Important for land-use and NOC analysis. |
| गैर मौरूसी | Tenant at will. | Tenancy records | Shows non-occupancy tenancy status. |
| गोरादेह | Open area around village. | Village records | Useful in abadi/village layout issues. |
| गोशा | Calculation of irregular field area by dividing it into smaller parts. | Measurement | Useful in irregular land measurement. |
| जमाबंदी | Record of rights showing ownership, possession and rights. | Core revenue record | Main document for land verification. |
| जमाबंदी हाल | Latest record of rights. | Current land record | Important for latest ownership verification. |
| जमीन सफावार | Total of land page-wise. | Jamabandi totals | Used for record calculation. |
| जरई | Cultivable/agricultural land. | Land classification | Important for agricultural land checks. |
| जरीब | Iron chain used for land measurement; generally 55 feet. | Land measurement | Used in old demarcation/measurement. |
| जरीब कशी | Measurement of land. | Demarcation/measurement | Important in area/boundary disputes. |
| जरीबकश | Person holding Jarib during measurement/demarcation. | Measurement proceedings | Part of field measurement team. |
| जरे रहन | Mortgage money. | Mortgage entries | Shows amount secured by mortgage. |
| जानशीन | Successor. | Inheritance records | Relevant for succession entries. |
| जुमला मुश्तरका | Common village land with share proportionate to land revenue/share in Khewat. | Common land records | Relevant for Shamlat/common land issues. |
| जेरे कब्जा | In possession. | Possession column | Shows person/entity in possession. |
| जेरे समाअत | Sub-judice/ongoing case in court. | Litigation records | Warning for property buyers. |
| ढाल बाछ | Demand list prepared by Patwari showing land tax over holdings. | Revenue demand | Shows revenue demand liability. |
| तकसीम बा हुक्म | Partition of land as per court order. | Partition proceedings | Shows court-ordered partition. |
| ततीमा शजरा | Map prepared after division of fields showing separate plots/fields. | Partition/field division | Important for divided plots. |
| तबदील मिलकियत | Change in ownership. | Mutation/transfer | Core ownership change term. |
| तबादला | Exchange of land in lieu of land. | Exchange mutation | Relevant for exchange transactions. |
| तर्क पट्टा | Mutation after lease term ends and possession is handed back to landlord. | Lease/mutation | Relevant in lease expiry cases. |
| तामील | Carrying out/service/execution of an order. | Notices/orders | Used for service and compliance. |
| दखल | Possession delivered according to competent court order. | Execution/possession | Important in decree implementation. |
| दाखिल खारिज | Mutation. | Transfer/inheritance records | Common term for entering/removing names. |
| दाखिलकार | Cultivator who pays land tax. | Tenancy/cultivation records | Shows tax-paying cultivator. |
| दावा-ए-विरासत | Claim for inheritance. | Succession/mutation | Relevant for inheritance disputes. |
| देह | Village. | Revenue estate records | Basic village/revenue estate term. |
| नकूल रिकॉर्ड माल | Copy of revenue record. | Certified copies | Useful for obtaining record copy. |
| नक्शा | Map/table/report. | Revenue maps | General map/report term. |
| नक्शा अलामात | List of symbols used on map/Musavi for features like school, pond, road, nallah etc. | Revenue maps | Helps read map symbols. |
| नक्शा अलिफ | Initial partition form showing distributable land as per shares. | Partition proceedings | Shows initial partition position. |
| नक्शा बे | Form showing proposed division/distribution with map. | Partition proceedings | Important intermediate partition document. |
| नक्शा जीम | Final map of partition. | Partition proceedings | Shows final divided land. |
| नक्शा इंतकाल | Statement of land transfers. | Mutation record | Shows land transferred through mutation. |
| नजर सानी / निगरानी | Revision or review of subordinate officer’s order by superior officer. | Revenue appeals/revision | Relevant in challenging orders. |
| नजूल भूमि | Land coming to government due to death without heir. | Government land records | Important for title verification. |
| नौइयत / नवैयत | Land use/nature of land. | Jamabandi/classification | Important for controlled area, NOC and registration. |
| नहरी | Land irrigated by canal. | Land classification | Shows canal irrigation source. |
| नाइयत इंतकाल | Type of mutation. | Mutation register | Shows nature of transfer/change. |
| पटवार हल्का | Area under a Patwari. | Revenue administration | Shows field jurisdiction. |
| पटवारखाना | Office of Patwari. | Revenue office | Place where village revenue records are maintained. |
| पटवारी | Village revenue/land accountant. | Land records | Maintains field-level revenue records. |
| पड़त पटवार | Copy of revenue record kept with Patwari. | Record copies | Useful for local record verification. |
| पड़त सरकार | Copy of revenue record submitted to government. | Official record | Used for official preservation. |
| परवाना | Written order/message. | Revenue correspondence | Shows formal direction. |
| पर्चा यादाश्त | Copy of deed received by Patwari from Tehsil for mutation purpose. | Mutation process | Links registered deed with mutation. |
| पैमाइश | Demarcation/measurement of land. | Measurement proceedings | Core term for boundary/area verification. |
| फकुल रहन | Cancellation/redemption of mortgage. | Mortgage records | Shows mortgage release. |
| फर्द बदर | Document used to correct clerical or patent error in Jamabandi/revenue record. | Record correction | Important for correction without fresh transfer. |
| फर्द जमाबंदी | Copy of land revenue record/Jamabandi. | Certified land record | Commonly required for verification. |
| फर्द रफ्तार | Date-wise schedule of crop inspection prepared by Patwari. | Girdawari process | Shows crop inspection programme. |
| फील्ड बुक | Book containing measurement details of each field, length, breadth, diagonal and area formula. | Measurement record | Important in area calculation disputes. |
| बंजर | Barren land. | Land classification | Important for valuation and land use. |
| बंजर कदीम | Uncultivated land for 8 cropping seasons. | Land classification | Shows long uncultivated status. |
| बंजर जदीद | Uncultivated land for 4 cropping seasons. | Land classification | Shows recent uncultivated status. |
| बंदोबस्त | Settlement covering land survey, measurement, record preparation and revenue assessment. | Settlement records | Foundation of land records. |
| बकायादार | Person from whom land tax or rent is due. | Revenue demand | Shows default/liability. |
| बटाई | Share of produce paid by cultivator to landowner. | Tenancy/crop share | Shows crop-share rent system. |
| बारानी | Rainfed land dependent on rainfall. | Land classification | Important for irrigation and valuation. |
| बेदखली | Dispossession. | Possession disputes | Important in ejectment/possession cases. |
| बैय हक शुफा | Pre-emption/right of first purchase in old joint holding context. | Old sale rights | Historically relevant, generally no longer in practice. |
| मंजूर शुदा | Approved/sanctioned mutation. | Mutation record | Shows mutation was accepted. |
| मरहूना | Mortgaged property. | Mortgage records | Warning entry for buyers. |
| मलकियत मकबूजा | In possession of owner. | Ownership/possession column | Shows owner is also in possession. |
| मालिक | Owner. | Jamabandi | Basic ownership term. |
| मालिक कब्जा | Landowner without share in Shamlat land. | Ownership records | Important for common land rights. |
| मालिक कामिल | Landowner with share in Shamlat land. | Ownership records | Shows complete ownership including common land share. |
| मिजान खातावार | Total of accounts/Khewat. | Jamabandi totals | Used for record balancing. |
| मिजान बिलारहन | Total mortgage-free land. | Mortgage status | Useful in verifying encumbrance-free area. |
| मियादी रहन | Mortgage with time limit. | Mortgage records | Shows limited-period mortgage. |
| मिसल हकियत | Jamabandi prepared during consolidation proceedings. | Consolidation record | Important historical record of rights. |
| मुकाबला शुदा | Mutation verified by matching with relevant documents by Kanungo. | Mutation verification | Shows document-record reconciliation. |
| मुतनाजा | Disputed/contested entry, often mutation objected to and sent to higher authority. | Contested mutation | Important warning in title check. |
| मुरब्बा | Square block of 25 acres created during consolidation. | Consolidation records | Common in Chakbandi layout. |
| मुर्तहिन | Mortgagee/lender in mortgage transaction. | Mortgage records | Identifies lender/mortgage holder. |
| मुस्ताजरनामा | Lease deed/Patta nama. | Lease records | Relevant for tenancy/lease rights. |
| मुहाफिज खाना | Record room. | Revenue office | Where official records are preserved. |
| मेंढ | Field boundary made of soil/mud. | Physical boundary | Relevant in boundary disputes. |
| मौजावार | Village-wise. | Revenue reports | Used for village-wise details. |
| मौरूसी | Inalienable and tax-paying tenant. | Tenancy records | Important in old occupancy tenant rights. |
| रकबा काश्त | Cultivated area. | Jamabandi/Girdawari | Shows area under cultivation. |
| रकबा मरहूना | Area under mortgage. | Mortgage records | Important encumbrance detail. |
| रहन | Mortgage. | Jamabandi/mortgage entries | Must be checked before purchase. |
| रहन दर रहन | Further mortgage of already mortgaged land. | Mortgage chain | Indicates layered mortgage risk. |
| रहन बा कब्जा | Mortgage with possession. | Mortgage records | Possession goes to mortgagee. |
| रहन बिना कब्जा / रहन क्रिला | Mortgage without possession. | Mortgage records | Owner retains possession but land is mortgaged. |
| राजीनामा | Agreement by mutual consent. | Dispute settlement | Shows compromise/settlement. |
| रिवाज-ए-आम | Record of customs regarding marriage, inheritance etc. | Settlement/customary law records | Historically important for succession/customs. |
| रुक्का | Voice/message/notice. | Official communication | Used for notice/message. |
| रोज़नामचा | Daily diary kept by Patwari for day-to-day events. | Patwari record | Important for official reports, notices and field events. |
| रोबकार | Notice. | Revenue proceedings | Used in service/proceedings. |
| लगान | Land tax/rent. | Revenue demand | Basic revenue liability. |
| लगान जिन्सी | Land tax in kind, paid in crops/grains. | Old rent records | Shows crop-based rent system. |
| लगान नकदी | Monetary land tax. | Revenue demand | Shows cash rent/tax. |
| लाल किताब | Village book containing information about land, maps, cattle, irrigation etc. | Village revenue record | Useful historical village record. |
| लाल डोरा | Boundary of inhabited area of village. | Village/abadi records | Important for Lal Dora property. |
| वसायल आबपाशी | Means of irrigation. | Land classification | Shows irrigation sources. |
| वाजिब-उल-अर्ज | Document containing village customs and rules prepared during settlement. | Settlement record | Important for village customary rights. |
| विरासत | Inheritance. | Succession records | Core term in inheritance mutations. |
| विरासत इंतकाल | Mutation of inheritance. | Mutation register | Shows transfer by succession. |
| शजरा | Map. | Revenue map | Used to identify land location and layout. |
| शजरा किस्तवार | Map of fields. | Revenue maps | Field-wise location reference. |
| शामलात देह | Village common land. | Common land records | Important for ownership/use restrictions. |
| सनद तकसीम | Partition certificate issued after completion of partition proceedings. | Partition records | Final proof of partition completion. |
| सरसाही | Smallest land area unit; 1/9 of a marla. | Measurement records | Used in precise area calculation. |
| साकिन देह | Resident/villager of the same village. | Identity/residence records | Used in village residence context. |
| साकिन पाही | Resident of another village. | Residence records | Used to show outsider cultivator/resident. |
| साहिब-ए-जायदाद | Landowner/property owner. | Ownership records | Identifies property holder. |
| सुपुर्ददार | Custodian/receiver of property pending final decision. | Court/revenue proceedings | Shows temporary custody of property. |
| सेहत इंदराज | Correction in record through mutation of correction. | Record correction | Important for correcting revenue entries. |
| सैलाब | Flooded land. | Land classification | Relevant in river/flood-prone land. |
| हक मलिकियत | Ownership right. | Ownership records | Core title-related expression. |
| हक मुर्तहिन | Rights of mortgagee. | Mortgage records | Shows mortgagee’s rights. |
| हदबंदी | Boundary of village. | Village boundary records | Important in boundary disputes. |
| हदबस्त नंबर | Number given to a village at tehsil level whose boundaries were fixed during settlement. | Revenue estate identification | Important for identifying revenue village. |
| हसब रसद खेवट | According to share in Khewat. | Distribution/common land records | Used for share-based distribution. |
| हुक्म | Order. | Revenue/court record | General term for official order. |
| हुक्म अदूली | Defying/disobeying orders. | Proceedings/compliance | Used where order is not obeyed. |
Legal caution: Before buying agricultural land, plot, farmhouse land, Lal Dora property or inherited property,
do not rely only on one revenue entry. Always check the complete chain of title, Jamabandi, mutation status, mortgage/charge,
court case, acquisition, partition, family settlement and registration record.
How to Read a Jamabandi in Simple Steps
1
Check Khewat and Khatauni
Khewat usually relates to ownership account, while Khatauni relates to cultivation account. If the ownership and possession/cultivation entries differ, the reason should be examined carefully.
2
Check Khasra Numbers and Area
Khasra numbers identify specific land parcels. The area should be matched with the sale deed, mutation, site possession and actual measurement on the spot.
3
Check Mutation Entries
Mutation entries show how the land moved from one person to another. Sale, inheritance, gift, release deed, partition and court decree mutations should be verified with original supporting documents.
4
Check Remarks Column
The remarks column may disclose mortgage, court case, stay order, acquisition, lease, charge, restriction or other important entries. This column should never be ignored.
5
Check Latest Girdawari
Girdawari may show possession and cultivation status. In agricultural land disputes, possession entries may become very important.
Common Mistakes Buyers Make While Reading Revenue Records
Ignoring Mutation
Buyers sometimes check only the sale deed but ignore whether mutation has been sanctioned in the seller’s favour.
Ignoring Mortgage
A land record may contain a mortgage or charge entry. Such entries can create serious risk after purchase.
Ignoring Possession
Revenue ownership and actual possession may not always match. Site verification and girdawari should be checked.
Ignoring Court Case
Pending litigation, stay orders or disputed inheritance may not be obvious unless records are carefully examined.
Ignoring Land Use
Agricultural, non-agricultural, abadi, gair mumkin and controlled-area restrictions may affect registration and use.
Ignoring Chain of Title
Jamabandi is important, but old sale deeds, inheritance records and partition documents must also be verified.
When Should You Get Revenue Records Legally Checked?
Revenue records should be legally checked before buying or selling land, applying for mutation, filing inheritance claims, contesting possession, dealing with Lal Dora property, executing a family settlement, partitioning agricultural land or responding to a tehsil objection.
Before Registry
Check whether seller’s name, mutation, area, mortgage, court case and land classification are clear.
After Inheritance
Verify legal heirs, Will, natural heirs, contested mutation risk and supporting succession documents.
During Dispute
Carefully examine Jamabandi, Girdawari, Roznamcha, Shajra, partition record and previous orders.
FAQs on Revenue Terms and Land Records
What is the meaning of Intkal or Mutation?
Intkal or mutation means an entry in revenue records showing change of rights due to sale, inheritance, gift, decree, partition or another legal event. It does not create title by itself but records the change in revenue records.
Is Jamabandi proof of ownership?
Jamabandi is an important revenue record and is commonly used to verify ownership and possession entries. However, final title should be verified from the complete chain of documents, registered deeds, mutation orders, court orders and other supporting records.
What is Khasra number?
Khasra number is the field number assigned to a specific parcel of land in village revenue records. It helps identify the exact land parcel.
What is Khewat and Khatauni?
Khewat generally refers to the ownership account, while Khatauni relates to cultivation account. Both are important for understanding ownership and possession/cultivation entries.
What is Girdawari?
Girdawari is a crop inspection record showing crop, cultivation and possession status for a particular season. It is often relevant in agricultural possession disputes.
What is Rahan in land records?
Rahan means mortgage. If land is shown under Rahan, the buyer should carefully verify whether the mortgage has been redeemed or whether any charge still exists.
Why are Urdu and Persian words still used in land records?
Many revenue terms entered Indian land administration during the Mughal and British periods and continued in settlement records, Jamabandi, mutations and sale deeds. Modern efforts are being made to simplify these terms for citizens.
Should I consult a lawyer before buying land in Haryana?
Yes. Before buying agricultural land, inherited land, Lal Dora property or land under controlled-area restrictions, legal and revenue-record verification should be done to avoid title, possession, NOC and litigation problems.
Need Help Reading Jamabandi or Mutation Records?
We assist clients in Gurgaon and Delhi NCR with property document verification, mutation issues, inheritance entries, sale deed checks, registry objections, revenue record interpretation and land-related legal disputes.
WhatsApp: 8796021579